Many people appreciate pleasant and natural surroundings in their place of residence and for their leisure time. Both are influenced by the quality of the local environment. An environment that is contaminated with pollutants and noise affects the mental and physical health of the population.

Green areas in cities offer people a place for retreat and recuperation in their immediate surroundings. The share of green areas may also be shaped by a city’s history and its institutional boundaries.
Other indicator of this dimension: air quality.