Cultural domains and sectors (NACE/NOGA)
The 11 cultural domains were defined by Eurostat in 2012 and 2018 on the basis of 36 four-digit European NACE codes (Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques), which at this level are compatible with the Swiss NOGA (General Classification of Economic Activities).
List: The cultural domains and their sectors (NOGA) according to Eurostat T6
| 1. Heritage | |
|---|---|
| 9102 | Museums |
| 9103 | Operation of historical sites and buildings, and similar visitor attractions |
| 2 / 3. Archives/Libraries | |
| 9101 | Library and archives activities |
| 4. Books and press | |
| 1811 | Publishing of newspapers |
| 1812 | Other publishing activities |
| 1813 | Pre-press and pre-media services |
| 1814 | Binding and related services |
| 4761 | Retail sale of books in specialised stores |
| 4762 | Retail sale of newspapers and stationery in specialised stores |
| 5811 | Publishing of books |
| 5813 | Publishing of newspapers |
| 5814 | Publishing of journals and periodicals |
| 6391 | Correspondents, news agencies |
| 7430 | Translation and interpretation activities |
| 5. Visual arts | |
| 7410 | Specialised design activities |
| 7420 | Photographic activities |
| 9003 | Artistic creation |
| 6. Performing arts | |
| 3220 | Manufacture of musical instruments |
| 9001 | Performing arts (theatre and ballet companies; orchestras, choirs, musicians) |
| 9002 | Support activities to performing arts |
| 9004 | Operation of arts facilities |
| 7. Audio-visual and multimedia | |
| 1820 | Reproduction of recorded media |
| 4763 | Retail sale of music and video recordings in specialised stores |
| 5821 | Publishing of computer games |
| 5911 | Motion picture, video and television programme production activities |
| 5912 | Motion picture, video and television post-production activities |
| 5913 | Motion picture, video and television programme distribution activities |
| 5914 | Cinemas |
| 5920 | Sound recording and music publishing activities |
| 6010 | Radio broadcasting |
| 6020 | Television programming and broadcasting activities |
| 7722 | Renting of video tapes and disks |
| 8. Architecture | |
| 7111 | Architects |
| 9. Advertising | |
| 7311 | Advertising agencies |
| 10. Art crafts | |
| 3212 | Manufacture of jewellery, gold and silversmith work |
| 11. Cultural education | |
| 8552 | Cultural education |
Source: NOGA 2008
© FSO 2021
Cultural occupations (according to ISCO)
The 35 four-digit occupation codes of the ISCO (International Standard Classification of Occupations) for cultural occupations were defined in 2012 and 2018 by Eurostat, partly to be consistent with UNESCO typologies.
List: The cultural occupations (ISCO) according to Eurostat T7
| 2161 | Building architects |
| 2162 | Landscape architects |
| 2163 | Product and garment designers |
| 2164 | Town and traffic planners |
| 2165 | Cartographers and surveyors |
| 2166 | Graphic and multimedia designers |
| 2353 | Language teachers |
| 2354 | Other music teachers |
| 2355 | Other arts teachers |
| 2621 | Archivists and curators |
| 2622 | Librarians and related information professionals |
| 2641 | Authors and related writers |
| 2642 | Journalists |
| 2643 | Translators, interpreters and other linguists |
| 2651 | Visual artist |
| 2652 | Musicians, singers and composers |
| 2653 | Dancers and choreographers |
| 2654 | Film, stage and related directors and producers |
| 2655 | Actors |
| 2656 | Announcers on radio, television and other media |
| 2659 | Creative and performing arts artists not elsewhere classified |
| 3431 | Photographers |
| 3432 | Interiors designers and decorators |
| 3433 | Gallery, museum and library technicians |
| 3435 | Other artistic and cultural associate professionals |
| 3521 | Broadcasting and audio-visual technicians |
| 4411 | Library clerks |
| 7312 | Musical instrument makers and tuners |
| 7313 | Jewelry and precious-metal workers |
| 7314 | Potters and related workers |
| 7315 | Glass makers, cutters, grinder and finishers |
| 7316 | Sign writers, decorative painters, engravers and etchers |
| 7317 | Handicraft workers in wood, basketry and related materials |
| 7318 | Handicraft workers in textile, leather and related materials |
| 7319 | Handicraft workers not elsewhere classified |
Source: ISCO 2008
© FSO 2020
Spatial classification
Urban area: Urban cores comprise the core cities and the agglomeration core municipalities, as well as the core municipalities outside agglomerations. Urban cores meet certain density and size criteria regarding inhabitants, jobs and equivalent overnight stays.
Intermediate area (or dense peri-urban areas and rural centres): Intermediate areas are outlying areas and municipalities situated in commuting zones or oriented to multiple cores that fall under the influence of urban cores and exhibit a certain level of commuter flows with the urban core.
Rural area: Areas outside the influence of urban cores comprise the rural municipalities without urban character. These are characterised by small commuter flows towards the urban core.
Unemployment rate (ILO definition)
According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), unemployed persons are defined as all those of working age in the resident population who are without work, are seeking work, and are currently available for work.
Value added: international comparisons
When calculating the value added of the cultural economy, Eurostat includes the non-financial business economy of the cultural sector (so excluding NACE/NOGA codes 90 and 91), but without the two cultural domains Advertising and Cultural education.
Turner (2019) calculates the total cultural economy (including NACE/NOGA codes 90 and 91) and compares it with the overall economy (not only the business economy).